Tuesday, April 25, 2017

My core beliefs as Hindu and moving toward a new norm in religious understanding


The following write up was submitted as assignment in coursera course Soul Beliefs: Causes and Consequences - Unit 2: Belief Systems”

A statement of the core belief and When and under what conditions do you think, it was formed

I considered many possible core beliefs but zeroed on this one as it will be appropriate contextually.

“I AM HINDU BRAHMIN BOY/MALE”

I was born in a Hindu Brahmin family of Vaishnava sect. Some of the important expectations are belief in god, rituals, respect for parents and teachers, being honest, respect for elders and women, honesty, modesty and vegetarian food habits. Bhakti, ie devotion to God and prayer (in the form chanting and asking for stuff, except for good marks in exams) is the way and goal. Karma and astrology were part of life, and work needed to be treated as Karma yoga or one’s duty to society and to fulfill one’s family needs. Temple visits and following of rituals and excellence in education and patriotism were a must. Involvement in sports and entertainment were encouraged more as spectator rather than participant (Except for cricket). Reading English fiction and Tamil journals were also encouraged. By the way the medium of instruction during most of schooling and college was English.

In my case mother who was spiritually inclined passed away at an early age of five and my step mother was a very orthodox religious lady, and this conflict in values used to influence me in major part of adult life. The Extended family was very important and grandparents doted on us. The Holidays were spent in an uncle or Aunt’s home at a different down in nearby towns. Holidays in far off cities were a luxury item. Sex was Taboo and boys and girls were kept separate. Parents never discussed sex with the children and youth learned of sex in pop literature and movies. Under these circumstances the schooling was completed. Interactions were mostly with other Brahman boys except a few exceptions in High school.

How it has influenced your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the past

I do not if it was the genes or the environment but I grew to be shy type of a person. My entry into college exposed me folks from other parts of India and diverse backgrounds (different languages, attitudes and family backgrounds). Early upbringing kept me focused on studies in college (although participation in sports increased) stay out trouble like various potential addictions and habits. Although there was lot of politics among groups, I tended believe all were nice guys and got along well with most people I interacted with. My health and confidence in my abilities improved during college, where again education and getting good marks were the focus with idea of doing well and getting an excellent job. I must say due to focus on education and reasonably superior performance and clean habits we developed an air quite superiority (even though we were lacking most other skills). The downside of this attitude is not recognizing the ability in others and not being in touch with reality of many situations and perhaps lack of gratitude we owe to many folks.

Like most students from premier Institutes in India at that time, I aspired for higher education in USA as route to better prospects in life and proceeded for Master’s degree in USA. My Aunts and grand mom advised me to stay away from the three Ws (Which were Wine, Women and I forgot what the third W was; was it wealth?, I do not think so, was it White?, probably not, must have been  something to do with remaining vegetarian).

I continued do well in studies in USA (even better as choices were more and open book exams). But socially I was dumb trusting wrong folks, not being centered enough in my culture, believing that any girl that smiles at you (which is often in the USA) is in love with you, etc. But the value system developed early on ensured we hung out with similar folks and this prevented us from integrating better in the adopted environment. Anyway, I completed my studies, worked for some time, made some good friends, had some  enjoyable times and some terrible times,  returned to India due to family considerations.

How it currently influences your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Many of the beliefs that were taught earlier on makes more sense now. Only I wish they (parents and teachers) had done a better job of it. Somehow taught us the basics and philosophical background in a better way. I would have been much better grounded and confident as an individual that way. I believe I would have been less distracted and more productive due that action. I feel a bit let down earlier on in life this way. I am now grateful for many opportunities that are available these days via TV, Internet and course like this to really understand our religion, culture and heritage.

Finally, after you have thought about one of your core self-beliefs, consider (in writing) if it “makes sense” to keep it or if the time has come revise it or let it go.

I think core belief may be revised from I am Hindu Brahmin boy to I am a realized and well-grounded Hindu or Sathana Dahrma Practioner. I am well grounded in the Basic Tenets of this Dharma and am aware Basic differences between the other Dharmic Traditions like (Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism) and other Major Abrahamic Religions of the world (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam). I respect other religions that respect Hinduism and am willing to educate those who do not. And Unlike in the past we will stand up for the rights that have been denied to us and have been  responsible and taken/taking corrective actions where we may have erred. Time for deeper faith and understanding, being well rooted, clarity and regular practice rather than shallow beliefs and superstitions  based  on fear or greed. Om Shanthi.

Monday, April 3, 2017

Natural Selection

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This document was was submitted by  me as assignment for the coursera course Soul Beliefs and consequences

Assignment criteria #1; "In your own words, describe Darwin's theory of "Descent by Modification".";
Darwin’s theory of Descent by modification was based important observations on nature of species:
  1. Members of a population of the same species vary in their traits.
  2. Traits can be inherited, or passed from parents to offspring.
  3. Populations can produce more offspring than the environment can support.
  4. Due to a lack of food or other resources, many of the offspring do not survive.
In his theory of Descent by modification Darwin postulated that individuals with a trait more suited to the environment are better able to survive and reproduce. These individuals are the ones that pass on these traits more frequently to the next generation. Subsequently, their traits become more common in their descendants and in the population. So, over time, organisms better suited to the changing environment will thrive. Organisms not ideally suited would become extinct. Given enough time a species may change enough traits to eventually become a totally distinct species. They led him to the conclusion that all species derived from a common ancestor through the process of descent with modification which was later termed natural selection. In natural selection, fitness refers to the ability to survive and reproduce.
Natural selection leads to adaptive evolution. Adaptation is a trait that organism has that increases its chance of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment. The off springs of this organism with adaptation trait will inherit this trait and will be more suited to survive and reproduce in the environment and hence causing the population to have this favorable trait.

Assignment criteria #2; "Explain how "Natural Selection" contradicted the prevailing world-views of Darwin's time; and
Darwin's observations were to contradict the Biblical  'Genesis' version of the creation of life. Since many of his scientific peers believed that God created all animal and plant life, and these species remained unchanged since their creation, he repeatedly delayed publishing his ideas.  It dealt a massive upset to the biblical account of creation as well as against the assumption of the unique status of Man.  
However, there was a general acceptance of Darwin's ideas amongst the younger generations of scientists. And as they began to embrace his ideas and accumulation of fossil records intensified, the public became more prepared for the acceptance of earlier human species and of a world much older than 6000 years (which was the age of earth according biblical story of creation). It is also to be noted here that There were other evolutionary theorists at that time but their theories were consistent with the idea of Christian God’s work in progress; but Darwin’s theory was based on philosophical materialism of random variation and natural selection and contrasted with the biblical version of creationism.

Assignment criteria #3, I would like to take out the time of "150 years", how about we change it to "Providing evidence that resistance to the theory of evolution remains strong in some sectors of our society today, after Darwin's his seminal work was published."
There is no question that evolution has shaped us and the world we live in today, and it has major consequences for our daily lives. And yet 150 years after publication of The Origin, Darwin’s theory remains “controversial” in America and Christian societies.  This is no longer a scientific controversy. Predictions generated by the theory of evolution have been repeatedly tested against scientific facts, and the theory has held fast. The clear majority of scientists accept the theory of evolution based upon multiple lines of overwhelming scientific evidence, just as they accept the Copernican theory that the earth revolves around the sun.
Americans face the social controversy of  about how to reconcile the teaching of scientific fact with religious belief. And a recent Gallup poll on Darwin’s birthday showed that only 39 percent of the American public overall “believes” in the theory of evolution and would rather believe in creationism or Intelligent Design. Whereas  97% scientists believe some theory of evolution and 87% of them believe in the Darwin’s theory of Natural selection.
Some people see bleak implications for human society in the theory of evolution. If Darwin is right, does it mean that we are all engaged in a perpetual struggle for existence, in which only the fittest will prosper? Is selfish behavior always rewarded at the expense of the common good? This might be an overly simplistic view, especially when we take culture and learning into account. Modern evolutionary theory is beginning to show how natural selection can operate at multiple levels, and may favor groups with elevated levels of cooperation and altruism. This can be considered as survival of the fittest group rather than the fittest individual, as individuals require society for their survival and vice versa.
Another important concept from modern evolutionary theory: the idea of niche construction. In ecological jargon, an organism’s niche is the combination of environmental factors that define where it can live, grow, and reproduce. Human culture is a remarkable example of niche construction. Through tool-making, language, and the construction of society, humans have expanded the range of environments in which our species can live and grow. Without culture, natural selection would act on us very differently that it does today. But this very culture and tools not used optimally is threatening the world in terms detrimental climate changes and threat of Terminal nuclear war. One hopes that natural selection will throw up solution to the problem so that all humans and most species survive (as extinction of one specie means the probability of all species surviving goes down in the common ecosystem).
Buddhist Societies do not seem to have any objections to theory of evolution as they believe cosmos and time without beginning and end that is ever changing and is consistent with natural selection. Hindu societies who believe souls in all living entities and that souls may have millions of births before being perfected as human beings. With time scale of creation stretching to trillions of years and sole source, also do not have any serious problems with accepting natural selection not being different from God’s way.
I would like complete this write up with Top 10 scientific problems with Biological and chemical Evolution and the bonus problem of Human behavior (Read more about in reference -4). This list does not negate the scientific community’s acceptance of Darwin’s theory bur opens more areas for research to fill the gaps.
References:

The Holocaust of Islamic conquests in India

This document was was submitted by  me as assignment for the coursera course Soul Beliefs and consequences
The Holocaust of Islamic conquests in India

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March21, 2017
Ayodhya Ram Mandir Issue: Supreme Court Suggests Out-Of-Court Settlement -

The Moghul Empire established in India by Invading Islamic forces between 1000 AD to 1800 AD has reportedly destroyed 1856 temple complexes in India and built Mosques on that site. One such Complex is the Ram Janmabhoomi Complex in the City of Ayodhya in the State of Uttar Pradesh. Ayodhya is the birthplace of Avatar of Lord Vishnu as Rama. The unused Mosque that was built by Emperor Babar in the 15th century after destroying the temple of Lord Ram there, was pulled down by Hindu volunteers in the year 1991. A Case has been filed in the Supreme court of India by the opposing parties on their right to build their place of worship. Supreme court has suggested an out of Court settlement.


Background on Islamic Invasion of India

The world-famous historian, Will Durant has written in his Story of Civilization that "the Mohammedan conquest of India was probably the bloodiest story in history".

India before the advent of Islamic imperialism was not exactly a zone of peace. There were plenty of wars fought by Hindu princes. The non-combatants were never killed or captured. A human habitation was never attacked unless it was a fort. The civil population was never plundered. War booty was an unknown item in the calculations of conquerors. The martial classes who clashed, mostly in open spaces, had a code of honor. Sacrifice of honor for victory or material gain was deemed as worse than death.
Islamic imperialism came with a different code--the Sunnah of the Prophet. It required its warriors to fall upon the helpless civil population after a decisive victory had been won on the battlefield. It required them to sack and burn down villages and towns after the defenders had died fighting or had fled. The cows, the Hindu Priests, and the Bhikkhus invited their special attention in mass murders of non-combatants. The temples and monasteries were their special targets in an orgy of pillage and arson. Those whom they did not kill, they captured and sold as slaves. The magnitude of the booty looted even from the bodies of the dead, was a measure of the success of a military mission. And they did all this as mujahids (holy warriors) and ghazls (kafir-killers) in the service of Allah and his Last Prophet.
Hindus found it very hard to understand the psychology of this new invader. For the first time in their history, Hindus were witnessing a scene which was described by Kanhadade Prabandha (1456 AD) in the following words:
"The conquering army burnt villages, devastated the land, plundered people's wealth, took Priests and children and women of all classes captive, flogged with thongs of raw hide, carried a moving prison with it, and converted the prisoners into obsequious Turks."
For the Hindus, Islamic jihadi invasion was like an Alien invasion or an Artificial Intelligence turning on its creators to eliminate them as imperfections.
List of Temples Destroyed in India by Islamic forces.
From the above we see that Islamic invasions and empire building of India that started around 1000 AD and lasted for about 800 years was not only conquest of land and wealth but an attempt to convert to enslave people belonging to Hindu religion. Since Muslims did not believe in idol worship, they destroyed temples and idols of Hindu gods, looted the gold and precious stones,  and built mosques on the temple land.
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The link below lists about 1856 temples in India that have been been destroyed and Mosques built on the temple land, oftentimes using the debris of the temple destroyed.
The link below lists the major Hindu Temples that have been destroyed and mosques built on that land
Hindus in India were persecuted by Muslim rulers in several ways. Murder, rape and pillage during war, conversion to Islam (forced conversion using the sword), Slavery of Muslims, destruction of temples and places of worship and conversion of them into Mosques, Additional tax on Non-Muslims, Cow slaughter (which is not allowed in Hinduism) and Minority Islamic rule over the majority Hindu population.
Rebuilding of Ram Temple for Hindus is bringing back some much-delayed justice for the atrocities pretreated by Islamic rulers and reclaiming their land from the hands of Muslims and pseudo secularists (those who would recognize even basic rights of the majority and support the atrocious rights of minority) and communists who collaborated after the independence to retain power. But the Islamic hardliners are pig headed, relentless and unreasonable in not granting reasonable wishes of Hindus who want to rebuild their temple for beloved Ram in one of the holiest of places, Ayodhya (and not in Mecca).

This situation can be warning to the rest of the world that is just waking up to Islamic terrorism, as to what might happen to their folks, beliefs, human rights and religions and places of worship should Islamic forces dominate the world politics. (or should any one religion dominate the world politics either by fear or greed).